| 摘要: |
| 血细胞是甲壳动物的免疫细胞，可通过吞噬、包囊、结节、黑化，以及分泌免疫活性分子等方式杀死和清除入侵的病原体。活跃的造血机能对更新和补充损耗的循环血细胞、维持一个稳定有效的免疫系统是至关重要的。相对脊椎动物而言，人们对包括甲壳动物在内的无脊椎动物的造血机制了解比较有限。本文总结了近年来在甲壳动物造血机制方面的研究进展，主要介绍了血细胞的类型和功能、造血组织的结构和细胞组成、血细胞的分化途径、造血的调控机制，以及相关的细胞模型和体外实验技术等。并在此基础上分析了已有研究存在的缺陷，提出了需要进一步探究的问题。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 甲壳动物 造血 血细胞分化 免疫 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2019.04.004 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(31672675) |
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| Progress in the research of crustacean hematopoiesis |
| YANG Feng,LI Fang |
| (Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Ximan 361005, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Hemocytes are the major immune cells of crustaceans. They remove invading pathogens by phagocytosis, encapsulation, nodulation and releasing of immune reactive molecules. Hematopoiesis is important for renewal and replenishment of circulating hemocytes and maintenance of a functional immune system. Compared with the hematopoiesis of vertebrates, which has been intensively studied, the knowledge of the invertebrate hematopoiesis is limited. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of crustacean hemocyte lineages and their function, the structure and cell content of hematopoietic tissue, the differentiation procedure of hemocytes, and the regulation of hematopoiesis. We also introduce the in vitro methods developed for the study of crustacean hematopoiesis. Finally, we raise the questions needed for the future study. |
| Key words: marine biology crustacean hematopoiesis hemocyte differentiation immunity |
