| 摘要: |
| 了解厦门湾海域海洋经济生物重金属污染现状及食用风险，于2019年8月至2020年4月分4个季节，在厦门湾海域捕获了常见的13种海洋经济生物，以ICP-MS为检测手段分析其肌肉组织中7种重金属（Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb）的含量，并采用不同评价模型对人类及中华白海豚的健康风险进行评价。结果表明，①鱼类和头足类海洋经济生物体内Zn、As和Cu的含量比较高，而Pb和Cd的含量比较低。②鱼类体内大多数重金属残留量，夏季显著高于其他季节，这可能是由于夏季饵料丰富，生物体代谢旺盛所导致。③单因子污染指数（single factor index, SFI）法和目标危害系数评价（target hazard quotient, THQ）法的评价结果显示，厦门湾常见海洋经济生物样品中As的残留量不仅超出了国家食品安全限量标准，还会对人类的健康造成潜在的风险。厦门湾海洋经济生物As的污染应引起人们的高度关注，后续研究应深入调查厦门湾生物体内As的主要存在形态，进一步提高健康风险评价的准确性，为当地监管部门的监管工作以及相关政策的制定提供数据支撑。因中华白海豚进食方式的不同，相关评价结果仅供参考。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 海洋经济生物 重金属 污染特征 风险评价 厦门湾 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2022.03.004 |
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| 基金项目:福建省科学技术厅省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项资助项目（2017R1006-3） |
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| Characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metal pollution of common marine commercial organisms in Xiamen Bay |
| WU Hao,ZHANG Lemeng,HUANG Zhiwei,LIN Junzhuo,LIU Siguang |
| (Fujian Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen 361013, China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361013, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to understand the heavy metal pollution situation and feeding risk of marine commercial orga nisms in Xiamen Bay， 13 marine commercial organisms were captured in Xiamen Bay for four seasons from August 2019 to April 2020. The contentrations of 7 heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb) in their muscle tissues were analyzed by ICP-MS, different evaluation models were used to evaluate the health risks of human and Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin. The results showed that， firstly, concentrations of Zn, As and Cu in fishes and cephalopods were higher， while the concentrations of Pb and Cd were lower， comparatively. Secondly, the residues of most heavy metals in fishes are significantly higher in summer than in other seasons， which may be caused by rich preys and active metabolism in summer. Thirdly, the evaluation results of single factor pollution index (SFI) method and target hazard quotient (THQ) evaluation method showed that the residue of As in samples not only exceeded the national standard of food safety limitation， but also caused potential risks to human health. The pollution of As in Xiamen Bay should be given a particular attention although no analysis of different forms of As in this study. The follow-up research should focus on the main existing forms of As in organisms in Xiamen Bay. It is also necessary to improve the accuracy of health risk assessment， the data support for the supervision of local regulatory authorities and the formulation of relevant policies. As the feeding behaviors of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin is different from human being, the evaluation results can only be taken as reference. |
| Key words: marine biology marine commercial organism heavy metal pollution characteristics risk assessment Xiamen Bay |
