| 摘要: |
| 本研究综述了国际上海洋环境辐射质量评价方面的研究进展，结合我国海洋管理的实际需求，提出将海洋环境辐射质量分为4个级别(1~4级分别表示环境放射性水平处于本底范围、超出本底范围但无危害、所致公众辐射剂量超出限值和所致海洋生物辐射剂量超出限值)，并提出了各级导出活度浓度限值的确定原则。其中，确定第1级导出活度浓度限值的依据为我国的放射性本底调查数据，采用统计分析的方法，取绝大多数本底值的上限值，作为分级阈值。确定第2级导出活度浓度限值的依据为公众辐射剂量限值、鱼类对不同核素的浓集系数、不同核素的剂量转换因子、海产品消费量等参数，原则是确保在正常摄入海产品的情况下，对公众造成的辐射剂量不超过国家标准规定的年剂量限值。确定第3级导出活度浓度限值的依据为国际上有关海洋生物发生辐射效应阈值的研究成果，原则是保护海洋生物种群不受辐射伤害。最后，本研究将根据各级的分级阈值与现行国家标准限值进行比较。本研究成果有助于国内工作在一线的海洋监测人员对常规监测数据进行评价，亦为海洋管理决策提供技术支持和参考依据。 |
| 关键词: 海洋环境科学 环境辐射质量 分级评价 导出活度浓度限值 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2022.03.003 |
|
| 基金项目:福建省科技计划引导性资助项目(2018Y0058)；自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(海三科2015010)；原国家海洋局环境保护司资助项目［DOMEP(MEA) 01 04］；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（12105378） |
|
| A preliminary study on the classification of marine environmental radiation quality and the derived concentration limits of radioactivity |
| YU Wen,YU Zefeng,WANG Hongbo,MEN Wu,HE Jianhua,ZHANG Yusheng |
| (Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Xiamen 361005, China;Fujian Ningde Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Fuding 355200, China) |
| Abstract: |
| This article summarizes the research progress of international marine environmental radiation quality assessment considering the actual needs of China's marine management and proposes to divide the marine environmental radiation quality into four levels, which indicate that from level 1 to 4 the environmental radioactivity level is in the background range, exceeds the background range with no harm, exceeds the limit of radiation dose for public and exceeds the limit of the marine biological radiation dose, respectively. The calculation methods for determining the derived concentration limits (DCLs) of radioactivity for each level are demonstrated. The first-level DCL is based on China's marine radioactivity background survey data, and determined with statistical analysis methods. The second-level DCL is derived from the annual dose limit for seafood consumers specified in national Sea Water Quality Standard (GB3097-1997), the concentration factors (CFs), the dose conversion coefficients (DCCs), and the seafood consumption rate, etc. The third-level DCL is derived from the commonly used radiological dose rate limit for marine organisms, CFs and DCCs, to protect marine organisms from the adverse impacts on the population level. Finally, this article compares the DCLs with the current national standard limits for several radionuclides in seawater. The results of this research will help to evaluate the routine monitoring data and also provide technical support and reference for marine management decision-making. |
| Key words: marine environmental science environmental radiation quality classification assessment derived concentration limit |
