| 摘要: |
| 海洋来源的菌株在高盐污水类修复处理中有重要的应用前景，而烃类物质是污水中的重要组成部分，其中含有多个苯环的芳香烃族化合物，对人类和环境具有较大的毒性，而目前关于多环芳烃(PAHs)厌氧代谢的相关报道相对较少。本研究以PAHs(萘、菲和芘等)为唯一碳源和能源，通过厌氧富集对太平洋深海沉积物中的PAHs降解菌展开研究。富集物细菌菌群分析结果表明，盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)、海旋菌属(Thalassospira)、海杆菌属(Marinobacter)、海洋杆菌属(Oceanobacter)和食烷菌属(Alcanivorax)等是主要的功能类群；其中盐单胞菌属是最主要的功能类群。通过筛选分离获得一高效烃降解盐单胞菌株，鉴定并命名为泰坦尼克盐单胞菌(Halomonas titanicae) PA16-9，该菌与模式菌株Halomonas titanicae BH1T的16S rRNA相似性为99.52%。基于16S rRNA基因序列比对搜寻NCBI数据库，发现Halomonas titanicae广泛存在于废水、活性污泥、油田、湿地等有机质复杂区域，生态位分布极广，可利用丰富多样的底物。通过生长实验表明，菌株PA16-9能在厌氧条件下以硝酸盐为主要电子受体，利用芘、苯并芘和十六烷等烃类物质为唯一碳源进行生长，在培养45 d后芘的降解率达到61.9%，期间亚硝酸盐逐渐积累，浓度达到约0.24 mmol/L。盐单胞菌广泛存在于厌氧烃降解富集菌群中，暗示了盐单胞菌属在厌氧烃代谢中可能发挥了重要作用，在实际应用上具有很大潜力。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 厌氧 烃降解 微生物多样性 反硝化 泰坦尼克盐单胞菌 深海 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2022.02.018 |
|
| 基金项目:科技部重点研发资助项目（2018YFC0310705）；国家自然科学基金资助项目(41922041，41876143) |
|
| Screening of aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria from deep sea and determination of pyrene degradation ability of Halomonas |
| LI Zhenyu,YIN Huaqun,SHAO Zongze,WANG Wanpeng |
| (School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410012, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Xiamen 361005, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Marine-derived strains have important application prospects in the remediation and treatment of high-salt sewage. Hydrocarbons are an important part of sewage. Among them, aromatic hydrocarbon compounds with multiple benzene rings are highly toxic to humans and organisms in environment. However, there are relatively few reports on the anaerobic metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this study, PAHs (naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, etc.) were used as the only carbon source and energy source, and PAH-degrading bacteria from the Pacific Ocean's deep-sea sediments were studied by anaerobic enrichment. The analysis of enriched flora showed that Halomonas, Thalassospira, Marinobacter, Oceanobacter and Alcanivorax were the main functional groups, and Halomonas was the most important functional group. A high-efficiency hydrocarbon-degradingHalomonas strain was obtained by screening and isolation, and it was identified and namedHalomonas titanicae PA16-9. The 16S rRNA gene similarity between strain PA16-9 and the model strain Halomonas titanicae BH1T was 99.52%. Searching result of the NCBI database based on 16S rRNA gene sequence alignment shows that H. titanicae widely exists in wastewater, activated sludge, oil fields, wetlands and other organic matter complex areas. It distributes widely and uses a rich variety of substrates. Growth experiments showed that strain PA16-9 could grow under anaerobic conditions with nitrate as the main electron acceptor, using hydrocarbons such as pyrene, benzopyrene and hexadecane as the sole carbon source. The degradation rate of pyrene reached 61.9% and nitrite gradually accumulated to 0.24 mmol/L in 45 days of cultivation. Halomonas is widely present in the anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation enriched flora, which suggesis that Halomonas may play an important role in anaerobic hydrocarbon metabolism and has great potential practical applications. |
| Key words: marine biology anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation microbial diversity denitrification Halomonas titanicus deep sea |
