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真江蓠幼苗在不同选型人工基质上生长的比较

Comparison of the growth of Gracilaria asiatica germlingson selected artificial substrata

  • 摘要: 2011年4~12月间,在福建省厦门市小燈岛潮间带的退化真江萬海藻场底播增殖了5种附着真江萬盘状体的人工基质(牡蛎壳、文蛤壳、小石块、小瓦片和花岗岩碎石),比较了自然度夏后真江萬幼苗在基质上生长的效果.结果表明:牡蛎壳易风化,表面的江萬幼苗密度最低,成活率最低,幼菌附着效果不佳。文蛤壳、小石块和小瓦片表面的江萬幼菌密度较低.而小花岗岩碎石上江萬幼苗生长效果最佳,度夏后幼菌密度、成活率最高,分别是其他基质的3.77~15.95倍和2.02~4.56倍(p<0.05).随后,在2012年4月至2013年1月间,开展了6种附着真江萬盘状体的不同粒度范围小花岗岩碎石的底播试验,着重分析了度夏后基质上真江萬幼苗的生长情况.结果表明:度夏前,不同粒度范围基质底播区域内的江萬幼苗密度相近.但度夏后,较小粒度范围基质(-5 mm)和较大粒度范围基质(+30 mm)上江萬幼菌密度、成活率和生物量都较低,且较大粒度范围基质(+20mm)还极易附着污损生物,抑制江萬幼苗生长。适中粒度范围(+5~-15 mm)的小花岗岩碎石基质上江萬幼苗密度和成活率最高,生物量最佳,分别是其他粒度范围基质的1.64~10.56、1.28~2.51、1.39~2.26倍(p<0.05),较适合作为真江萬藻场修复的人工基质材料.

     

    Abstract: Five types ofartificiallydesigned suhstrata(oyster shell,meretrix shell,small rock,small tile and smallgranite stone)adhered with discoidcrusts of Gracilaria asiatica were cultured ina degenerate seaweed bed locatedin the intertidal zonesof Xiaodeng Island,Xiamen,Fujian Province,from April to December,2011.The efects ofgermlng gnowth were comparativelyanalysed after summer season.The results showed that algal germlings atachedon the substrata of oyster shell had the lowest growth density and survival rate.Additionally,the gemlings wereeasily brushed off by the sea waves leading to just a few fronds gowing on thesurface of meretrix shell,small rockand small tile.However,the small granite stone presented the optimum effect of germling attachment.The growthdensity and survival rates were 3.77~15.95 and 2.02~4.56 times higher than those of other substrata after sum-merseason,respectively(p<0.05).Subsequently,6 groups of different sizes of small granite stones were statisti-cally analysed for gemmling growth from Aprial of 2012 to January of 2013.It showed that the germlings had similardensities on the surfaces of small gramite stones before summer.But after summer both the smallest size stones(-5 mm)and the largest size stones(+30 mm)had low attachments,low biomass and low survival rates of thegermlings.The stones with moderate size(+5 mm and -15 mm)showed significantly highest algal density,sur-vival rates and biomass,which were 1.64~10.56,1.28~2.51 and 1.39~2.26 times higher than those of othersize groups,respectively(p<0.05).It was suggested that small granite stones with moderate sizes were suitableartificial substrata for the remediation of Gracilaria asiatica on the seaweed bed.

     

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