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沙埕港多种环境介质中重金属的含量分布及来源分析

Concentration distribution and sources analysis of heavy metalsin multi-environmental mediums of Shacheng Port

  • 摘要: 通过2013年8月对福建沙埋港海域海水、沉积物及贝类体内重金属进行的调查,结合历史资料对重金属的含量分布及来源进行了讨论和分析.结果表明:沙埋港表层海水中Cu、Cd、Hg和As等溶解态重金属含量整体处于较低水平,但Pb含量在大部分海域略超海水水质一类标准.沉积物中Pb、Cd、Hg和As含量均低于海洋沉积物一类标准,而Cu在上段入尺门海域及中段罗唇溪入海口附近存在超标现象.地积累指数评价表明Pb和Cd处于无污染状态,而Cu、Hg和As3种重金属在不同区域存在轻微污染.港内入尺门点头镇附近海域采集的2种贝类均存在不同程度的重金属污染.其中缢蛏(Sinonoracula constzcta)体内重金属污染较轻,而褶壮蛎(Ostrea plicatula)体内重金属污染较重,Cu和Cd污染指数均在10以上.浙闽沿岸流是沙埋港Pb、Cd、Hg和As等重金属的主要来源,而白琳石材加工排放的污水是造成沙埋港上段入尺门浅滩区重金属Cu污染的主要原因.此外,中段罗唇溪入海口附近海域Cu、Pb和Cd含量较高,可能同罗唇港修造船厂的污染排放有关.

     

    Abstract: Based on historical data and the survey caried in August inShacheng Port in 2013,the distributionsandsources of heavy metal in seawater,sediment and shellish were discussed and analyzed.Results showed that theconcentration ofdissolved Cu,Cd,Hgand As in surface layer of seawater were relatively low except that Pb excee-ded the sea waterqualitystandard(Class 1)in most areas.The concentration of Pb,Cd,Hg and As in marinesediments were relatively low except that Cu exceded the marine sediment quality(Class1)in Bachimen entanceand Luochun inlet.Assessment used index ofgeo-accumulation showed that different partsof sea areas were slightcontaminated by Cu,Hg and As.Twoshellishes retrieved from intertidal zone near Diantou Town were contamina-ted variously.Thecontamination was low in Sinomoracula constzcta but high in Ostrea plicatula,which the pollu-tion index of Cu and Cd exceeded 10.Fujian-Zhejiang coastal curent was the main source of most heavy metals toShacheng Port.However,sewage discharged from Bailin stone processing enterprises resulted Cu pollution atBachimen shoal in the upper reach of the port.Moreover,sewage discharged from Luochun shipyard was probablythe source of Cu,Pb and Cd pollutions in Luochun inlet.

     

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