Abstract: Based on the comparison of high-resolution seismic reflection and typical core data, combined with the comprehensive analysis of sediment grain size, clay minerals, micropalaeontology and AMS¹⁴C dating, we revealed the stratigraphic sequence since the last-glacial period of Late Pleistocene in the study area, and discussed the paleoenvironmental evolution of Shenhu Bay. The high-resolution seismic profiles selected from the study area was subdivided into five seismic units (SU1, SU2, SU3, SU4, SU5) in ascending order, which are correspond well with the five sedimentary stratigraphic units (DU1, DU2, DU3, DU4, DU5). About 8 200 years ago, the sea water entered the Shenhu Bay area during the Holocene transgression. Then the sea level was 10-12 m lower than the present level, and the climate was cool. The sea water reached the present sea level at about 7 ka BP and reached the maximum at about 6 ka BP, the highest sea level was about 2-3 m higher than present level. During this period, the climate was warm and humid. Meanwhile, a large number of gymnosperms were inundated by sea water and were quickly buried by marine sediments. The temperature in the study area decreased at about 5 850 to 5 642 a BP, and the cooling activity lasted until about 2 ka BP, during which the climate was cool and dry. The temperature gradually increased since 2 ka BP and there was a relatively cold period about 600 years ago after which the temperature gradually increased to the present level.