Abstract: In order to investigate the influence of dust deposition and nutrient input on the phytoplankton community, including Chla content, in the Chinese coastal area, incubations onboard added with artificial dust and nutrients were performed in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. Our results showed that the Chla content and the phytoplankton community structure in the artificial dust and organic nitrogen input treatments were similar to those in the control with dominant species of Thalassiosira. While inorganic nitrogen and phosphate input significantly changed the Chl a content and the community structure, the treatment with the highest nitrogen input had the highest Chl a content and cell density, particularly. The important influences found were on the peak value of Chl a, cell density and the percentage of dominant species in the dust and nutrient treatments except for the species composition and dominant species which changed insignificantly.