Abstract: Contents and spatial distribution characteristics of 54 antibiotics in 8 types in Minjiang Estuary were studied. The surface sediment samples were analyzed with methodology of solid phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry. The ecological risk of antibiotics was evaluated with entropy method. Results form 24 stations in the estuary showed that 19 in 6 types of antibiotics such as macrolides， sulfonamides， quinolones， chloramphenicol， nitroimidazoles and benzimidazoles， were detected and the total concentration ranged from 4.16 to 64.74 ng/g with an average of 17.35 ng/g. Especially， the detectable frequency of macrolides， quinolones and nitroimidazoles was 100%, respectively. Furthermore， it was found that the distribution of the total antibiotics concentration in the sediments of Minjiang Estuary was higher in upstream， then in the north port， the south port and lower in downstream. It can be summarized that the high concentrations of macrolides and quinolones in the upstream and the north port were from urban sewage and medical waste while the residues of nitroimidazoles in the downstream were mainly from the animal husbandry and aquaculture. The results of ecological risk assessment showed that the ecological risk values of most antibiotics were low(RQ<1). However tilmicosin and metronidazole had a high ecological risk(RQ>1) in the study areas where it may have a potential negative effect on the estuarine environment．