Abstract: In the 29th Chinese Antarctic scientific expedition， 23 sediment samples were collected from Prydz Bay. A total of 21 fungal strains were isolated from the sediment samples and these fungi belong to 11 genera based on fungal ITS sequence analysis. They includes Penicillium （9 strains），Cladosporium （3 strains），Acremonium （1 strain），Aureobasidium （1 strain），Botryotinia （1 strain），Eurotiales （1 strain），Exophiala （1 strain）， Fusarium （1 strain），Nectria （1 strain），Phoma （1 strain） and Sarocladium （1 strain）. With high diversities， the strains of Penicillium， as the most dominant genus， is accounting for 42.85% of the total stains， and the strains of Cladosporium is 14.29%. Eight oleaginous fungi were isolated based on both Nile red staining method and TTC staining method and they belong to 7 genera， including Penicillium(2 strains), Aureobasidium (1 strains),Cladosporium(1 strains), Eurotiales (1 strains), Exophiala(1 strains), Fusarium (1 strains), Sarocladium (1 strain). Lipid contents of these oleaginous fungi range from 20.1% to 52.0％. Fatty acid composition of intracellular lipids shows that fatty acids occurred in the range C16-C18 for most oleaginous fungi. A relative high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids observed in the lipid contents suggest that these oleaginous fungi have potential of biodiesel production.