Abstract: Natural thermoluminescence(NTL)from ocean sediments is a good indicator for the paleoclimate evolution becausethe vanation of NTLis correponding to theglacial change.Sedimentary age of the core IODPC004Cin Nankai Trough is early late Pleistocene and early-middle Pliocene.NTL of 120 samples from the core were meas-ured.The result shows NTL has a negative correlation with the content of CaCO,and has positive corelation with the content of calcite.The high and low NTL corespond to the interglacial and glacial stages,respectively.Three interglacial and 3 glacial stages were divided according to the feature of NTL of the core.The breccia in IIA of the core is supposed to be terigenous sediment according to comparison of NTL with magnetic susceptibility.It is sug-gested that when NTL of sediments is used to study paleoclimate,the areas with relatively simple geological processand stable sedimentary environment should be chosen firstly.