Fractal characteristic of Typhoon Yagi and its relationship with wind speeds

Typhoons are complex natural phenomena, whose structures, intensities, and evolutionary processes significantly exhibit fractal characteristics. This study focuses on the fractal characteristics of the super Typhoon Yagi in 2024, utilizing conventional meteorological data and the FY-2H satellite’s thermal blackbody brightness products. It provides an in-depth analysis of the relationship between the fractal characteristics and structural changes of the typhoon during its landfall process and surrounding stages, as well as the correlation between fractal characteristics and the typhoon’s maximum wind speed. It finds that the fractal dimension of Typhoon Yagi undergoes three stages during the landfall: rising, falling, and rising again. Changes in the fractal dimension are closely related to the process of absorbing convective regions, and the speed at which these regions are absorbed is also a critical factor in the increase of maximum wind speed. Results demonstrate that the fractal dimension of Typhoon Yagi and the rate of change in maximum wind speed exhibit consistent trends, further revealing the close connection between the complex structure of the typhoon and its intensity.