| 摘要: |
| 厦门市已成海岸带城市中高质量发展的典范，为科学制定土地利用政策，维护区域生态安全格局，有必要基于景观格局开展生态风险评价。本研究利用1990、2000、2010、2020年厦门市土地利用数据，基于ArcGIS 10.8和Fragstats 4.2平台揭示景观格局变化特征与生态风险的时空分布规律。结果表明：(1)1990—2020年，厦门市耕地、林地、水域面积减少，建设用地面积增加，草地面积保持稳定。(2)耕地是厦门市土地利用的主要转出类型，共转出了238.63 km2，在2000—2010年期间土地利用类型变化最为活跃。(3)除建设用地外其他土地利用类型的干扰度指数均呈上升趋势。(4)厦门市景观生态风险以中风险、较高风险为主，高生态风险区域面积呈下降趋势，平均生态风险指数由0.035 1降低至0.029 8。本研究结果可为海岸带城市生态风险控制提供有用信息，为优化沿海地区景观格局、促进社会经济可持续发展和生态文明建设提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 海洋环境科学 景观格局 生态 风险评估 土地利用变化 厦门 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.20240510001 |
|
| 基金项目:海洋公益性行业科研专项经费(201305009-2) |
|
| Landscape ecological risk assessment in Xiamen by landscape pattern analysis |
| PAN Xiang,CHEN Peng,FU Shifeng,WU Jian,CHEN Qinghui |
| (Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Xiamen 361005, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Xiamen, among coastal cities of China, has become a model of high-quality development. It is necessary to conduct a comprehensive ecological risk evaluation based on landscape patterns to formulate land use policies and maintain regional ecological security. In this paper, using the land use data of 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020, we have revealed the spatial-temporal distribution pattern of landscape pattern change characteristics and ecological risk based on ArcGIS 10.8 and Fragstats 4.2 software. Results show that (1) the area of cultivated land, forest land and water bodies decreased, while the area of construction land increased and the grassland area remained stable from 1990 to 2020. (2) Cultivated land was the largest type of land use transfer, with a total reduction of 238.63 km3, this transfer was the most evident in 2000-2010. (3) The disturbance indexes for all land use types showed an upward trend, except for construction land. (4) The landscape ecological risk was predominated characterized by medium and high risks but for areas of high ecological risk which showed a decreasing trend. However, the average ecological risk indexes in the areas decreased from 0.035 1 to 0.029 8. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for the ecological risk management in coastal cities and serve as a reference for optimizing landscape patterns in coastal regions when promoting sustainable development and the construction of ecological civilization. |
| Key words: marine environmental science landscape pattern ecology ecological risk assessment land use change Xiamen |
