| 摘要: |
| 为进一步了解厦门西南部海域浮游植物群落及水质状况，为该区域生态环境保护、生物资源可持续发展和有效利用提供基础数据和科学依据，本研究于2022年夏季在厦门西南部海域20个站位进行了网采浮游植物群落特征和水质的现场调查，研究浮游植物群落的种类组成、优势种、细胞密度以及多样性的空间分布特征，并运用统计分析方法研究浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系。共鉴定出浮游植物6门50属126种(包括变种和变型等)。其中，硅藻39属106种，甲藻7属16种，蓝藻、裸藻、绿藻和金藻各1属1种。浮游植物细胞密度平均值为362.43×104cells/m3，变化范围为5.22×104～1 072.54×104cells/m3，高值区主要分布在九龙江口海域和厦门南部海域。主要优势种包括中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、尖刺伪菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia pungens)、日本星杆藻(Asterionella japonica)。浮游植物多样性指数(H′)均值和均匀度(J)均值分别为1.74和0.35。聚类分析显示，厦门西海域与其他海域的群落相似度差异较大。和历年调查结果相比，浮游植物总种类数基本保持稳定。主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis，PCA)、冗余分析(Redundancy Analysis，RDA)和Pearson相关性分析表明，水温、溶解无机氮(Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen，DIN)和化学需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand，COD)是影响厦门西南部海域浮游植物群落的主要环境因子。本研究建议进一步加强对九龙江径流富营养化水平的管控，实现海洋生态环境的持续改善。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 浮游植物 群落结构 环境因子 统计分析 厦门 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.20240529001 |
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| 基金项目:福建省科技计划-公益类科研院所专项(2020R1006002); 自然资源部海洋生态监测与修复技术重点实验室开放基金(MEMRT202104) |
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| Analysis of net-collected phytoplankton community characteristics and environmental factors in the south-western waters of Xiamen in the summer of 2022 |
| LUO Qiaoqi,CHEN Lan,ZHANG Yueping,ZHOU Zhidong,LI Haiping,ZHOU Qianqian |
| (Fujian Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen 361013, China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361005, China;Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Xiamen 361005, China) |
| Abstract: |
| To enhance understanding of phytoplankton communities and water quality in the south-western waters of Xiamen, and to provide foundational data and scientific support for ecological protection, sustainable development and efficient utilization of biological resources, we conducted a field survey at 20 stations in summer, 2022 and investigated the species composition, dominant species, cell density and spatial distribution of diversity of the phytoplankton community. Using statistical methods, we examined the correlation between phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors. As results, a total of 126 phytoplankton species were identified and grouped into 50 genera in 6 phyla. Among these, diatoms had the highest diversity of 106 species in 39 genera, while dinoflagellates had 16 species in 7 genera. Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, Chlorophyta and Chrysophyta each had one species and genus. The mean phytoplankton cell density was 362.43×104 cells/m3, ranging from 5.22×104cells/m3 to 1 072.54×104cells/m3. High cell density areas were predominantly observed in Jiulong River Estuary and the southern waters of Xiamen. The dominant species included Skeletonema costatum, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Asterionella japonica. The average Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′) and evenness (J) were calculated as 1.74 and 0.35, respectively. Cluster analysis revealed significant differences in community similarity between the western Xiamen waters and other regions. The total number of phytoplankton species remained relatively stable compared to previous surveys. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), redundancy analysis (RDA) and Pearson correlation analysis showed that water temperature, Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen (DIN) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is the main environmental factor affecting the phytoplankton community in the south-western waters of Xiamen. The article recommends enhancing the management of eutrophication in Jiulong River runoff for improvements of the marine ecosystem. |
| Key words: marine biology phytoplankton community structure environmental factors statistical analysis Xiamen |
