| 摘要: |
| 近年来快速城镇化和人类活动导致沿海地区营养盐含量显著增加，导致海湾富营养化现象日趋严重。了解水体营养盐含量分布特征与陆源污染之间的关系，是对海湾进行有效环境管理的前提。本研究以2010—2019年福建省厦门湾近岸海域水质监测数据为基础，分析长期性、季节性水质空间分布特征，并利用富营养化指数法对海湾富营养化状态进行评价，为氮、磷污染物治理提供措施建议。结果表明：厦门湾自2013年以来无机氮、无机磷含量波动降低，但同安湾无机磷含量近年来有明显增加。春季和秋季无机氮、无机磷含量明显高于夏季，不同季节氮、磷含量均呈现由湾内向湾外递减的分布趋势，反映出典型的陆源输入特征。硝酸盐氮是厦门湾无机氮的最主要成分，其与无机磷的比值普遍高于Redfield比值。无机氮、无机磷是导致九龙江口、西海域、同安湾富营养化指数较高的主要因子，受径流调控明显，无机磷在秋季还受到沿岸排污口的显著影响。厦门湾亟需加强对所有入海河流氮、磷污染的总量控制，建议强化沿岸排污口的管控。 |
| 关键词: 海洋化学 营养盐 富营养化 陆源污染 厦门湾 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2022.02.009 |
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| 基金项目:福建省环保科技计划资助项目(2018R007) |
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| Analysis of the long-term dynamics of nutrients linking to terrestrial pollution in Xiamen Bay |
| HONG Xiongye |
| (Fujian Coastal Sea Environmental Monitoring Station, Putian 351100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Rapid urbanization and human activities have led to a significant increase of nutrient concentration in coastal waters following critical eutrophication problem. It is the prerequisite for effective coastal management to understand the relationship between nutrient dynamic and land-based pollution. Based on the water quality monitoring data of Xiamen Bay in Fujian Province from 2010 to 2019, this paper studied seasonal and long-term spatial distribution of water quality, evaluated the eutrophication status of Xiamen Bay with Eutrophication Index Method and provided suggestions for the nutrient pollution remediation. The results showed that the concentration of DIN and DIP gradually decreased since 2013 while DIP concentration in Tongan Bay increased rapidly in recent years. DIN and DIP concentrations in spring and winter were apparently higher than those in summer. The concentrations decreased seaward with increasing salinity, reflecting typical characteristics of terrestrial nutrient input. NO3-N was the main component of DIN and its ratio to DIP was generally higher than the Redfield ratio. Controlled by river input and sewages discharge, both DIN and DIP were the main factors brought high eutrophication indexes to the Jiulong River Estuary, Western Xiamen Bay and Tongan Bay. Besides, DIP was likely affected by the urban sewage in autumn. Xiamen Bay is urgently needed to control the nitrogen and phosphorus disposals focusing the surrounding river watersheds and urban sewage. |
| Key words: marine chemistry nutrient eutrophication terrestrial pollution Xiamen Bay |
