| 摘要: |
| 根据2018年11月东海中南部游泳动物底拖网调查数据，对该海域游泳动物种类组成、优势种、种类多样性及群落结构进行研究。结果表明，调查共捕获游泳动物181种，其中鱼类133种，甲壳类34种，头足类14种；优势种（IRI≥500）为七星底灯鱼（Benthosema pterotum）、带鱼（Trichiurus lepturus）、麦氏犀鳕（Bregmaceros mcclellandi）、龙头鱼（Harpadon nehereus）和日本发光鲷（Acropoma japonicum）。多样性指数结果显示，东海中南部海域丰度（d）的变化范围为0.37～5.94，种类多样性指数（H′）的变化范围为0.38～2.64，均匀度（J）的变化范围为0.14～0.71。根据聚类分析结果将东海中南部海域游泳动物群落分为以90 m等深线为界的两个群组，群组间的差异主要由七星底灯鱼、镰鲳（Pampus echinogaster）、龙头鱼、黄鲫（Setipinna tenuifilis）、麦氏犀鳕等引起。BIOENV结果显示水深与游泳动物群落结构相关性最密切（rw=0.55）。本研究结果可为类似海域游泳动物种类多样性和群落结构的研究提供参考，也可为研究海域渔业资源开发、利用与养护等政策的制定提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 渔业资源 游泳动物 优势种 种类多样性 群落结构 东海中南部 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2021.04.003 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划专项课题资助项目（2018YFC1406302） |
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| Diversity and community structure of nekton in the central and southern East China Sea in autumn |
| ZHANG Hushun,SONG Puqing,LI Yuan,LIU Shigang,WANG Xuehua,ZHENG Jinshun,LIN Longshan |
| (College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Xiamen 361005, China;Marine and Fisheries Bureau of Xiapu County, Ningde 355100, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the nekton data from bottom trawling in the central and southern East China Sea in November 2018, the species composition, dominant species and community structure of nekton were studied. The results showed that there were 181 species of nekton, including 133 species of fish, 34 species of crustaceans, and 14 species of cephalopods. In this study the dominant species (IRI≥500) were identified as Benthosema pterotum, Trichiurus lepturus, Bregmaceros mcclellandi, Harpadon nehereus and Acropoma japonicum. The abundance biomass comparison curve is characterized by that the abundance dominance curve is all above the biomass dominance curve. Margalef’s species richness index(d), Shannon index(H′), and Pielou’s evenness index(J) of the community ranged from 0.37 to 5.94, 0.38 to 2.64 and 0.14 to 0.71, respectively. The clustering results divided the nekton communities into two groups，which were roughly bounded by 90 m isobath. The differences between the groups were mainly caused by Benthosema pterotum, Pampus echinogaster,Harpadon nehereus, Setipinna tenuifilis and Bregmaceros mcclellandi. The results of BIOENV analysis showed that the depth was the most important factor relative to the community structure of nekton (rw=0.55). The results of this research can provide not only a reference for the study of diversity of nekton communities in similar sea areas, but also a scientific basis for the formulation of policies in the development, utilization and conservation of fishery stocks in this sea waters. |
| Key words: marine biology fishery stock nekton dominant species species diversity community structure central and southern East China Sea |
