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| 典型近岸退化珊瑚礁的成功修复案例——蜈支洲珊瑚覆盖率的恢复 |
| 张浴阳,刘骋跃,王丰国,江雷,俞晓磊,张芳,黄晖 |
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| (中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301;中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院,广东 广州 510301;南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东 广州 511458;海南蜈支洲旅游开发股份有限公司，海南 三亚 572000;中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301;中国科学院大学,北京 100049;中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301;中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站,海南 三亚572000;中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301;中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院,广东 广州 510301;南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东 广州 511458;中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站,海南 三亚572000) |
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| 摘要: |
| 在全球珊瑚礁生态系统面临退化威胁的情况下,珊瑚礁生态修复工作成为人类帮助珊瑚礁恢复健康的重要手段之一，并且在全球各个珊瑚礁区域都得到广泛应用。我国近岸珊瑚礁生态系统退化严重，本实验探讨利用珊瑚移植技术在三亚市蜈支洲岛典型的近岸珊瑚礁环境下恢复造礁石珊瑚的覆盖率，希望推动企业参与海洋生态保护并从中受益。在与当地旅游公司的合作下，2017年6月移植6 000株包括风信子鹿角珊瑚（Acropora hyacinthus）、美丽鹿角珊瑚(A.muricata)等8种造礁石珊瑚。经过3 a的生长，移植珊瑚的平均存活率为61.3%，修复区域造礁石珊瑚平均覆盖率从9.3%提升到35.3%，珊瑚覆盖率的提升主要归结于移植珊瑚个体的生长。从恢复效果来看，本次实验有效地恢复了珊瑚礁的珊瑚覆盖率，修复区域内珊瑚礁不仅健康状况有所恢复，同时水下景观得到改善，带动了相关企业参与海洋生态保护的积极性。本次研究结果证明了在我国近岸退化珊瑚礁中利用生态修复技术恢复珊瑚礁生态是可行和有效的。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 珊瑚礁生态修复 珊瑚移植 近岸典型退化珊瑚礁 蜈支洲 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2021.01.003 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41676150)；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金资助项目(2019A1515011532)；广东省省级科技计划资助项目(2017B0303014052) |
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| Successful restoration of typical degraded coastal coral reefs ——a restoration of coral coverage at Wuzhizhou Island |
| ZHANG Yu-yang,LIU Cheng-yue,WANG Feng-guo,JIANG Lei,YU Xiao-lei,ZHANG Fang,HUANG Hui |
| (CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Guangzhou 510301, China;Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, CAS, Guangzhou 510301, China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China;Hainan Wuzhizhou Tourism Development Co., Ltd., Sanya 572000, China;CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Guangzhou 510301, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Guangzhou 510301, China;Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, CAS, Sanya 572000, China;CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Guangzhou 510301, China;Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, CAS, Guangzhou 510301, China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China;Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, CAS, Sanya 572000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Since coral reefs globally suffered from severe degradation threats, coral rehabilitation becomes a broadlyapplied key tool for the coral reef restoration. In this study, coral transplantation used to restore the coverage of scleractinian corals on a typical degraded coastal coral reef and participation of local tourism company for its benefit in activities of coral reef restoration were reported. In June 2017, 6 000 coral fragments of eight species were transplanted to the reefs at Wuzhizhou Island. Three years later, 61.3% transplanted corals survived, and the reefbuilding corals’coverage in restoration area increased from 9.3% to 35.3%, mainly resulted from the growth of transplanted corals. This experiment has effectively restored the coral coverage on the coral reefs. The experiment improved not only the health of coral reefs, but also the underwater landscape while it encouraged the local tourism company to participate the marine ecological protection. This study shows that it is feasible and effective to restore coral reef using coral reef rehabilitation technology in degraded coastal coral reefs. |
| Key words: marine biology coral reef restoration coral transplantation typical degraded coastal coral reef Wuzhizhou Island |
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