| 摘要: |
| 根据2015—2016年连续两年对钦州湾进行的拖网调查资料，对钦州湾游泳动物群落的多样性现状进行了初步分析。结果表明，2015、2016年游泳动物调查渔获物种类均为55种；两年共同渔获物优势种（IRI≥200）有5种，分别是钝齿蟳（Charybdis hellerii）、近缘新对虾（Metapenaeus affinis）、周氏新对虾（Metapenaeus joyneri）、亨氏仿对虾（Parapenaeopsis hungerfordi）和口虾蛄（Oratosquilla oratoria），优势种类个体呈现小型化和低龄化趋势，渔获物种类和现存资源较历史数据有衰减的趋势；ShannonWiener指数（H′）、丰富度指数（D）和均匀度指数（J′）变化不显著，但站位间差异明显；2016年较2015年调查游泳生物的生物量和资源密度有所回升，但多样性水平均低于北部湾及南海北部大陆架浅海海域的多样性水平。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生物学 游泳动物 资源密度 优势种 多样性 钦州湾 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.2020.02.007 |
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| 基金项目:广西壮族自治区海洋局研究专项资助项目(GXZC2016-G1-0342-GXHL23-B) |
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| Nekton species composition and biodiversity in Qinzhou Bay， Guangxi |
| MO Zhen-ni,LAI Ting-he,HE Bin-yuan,LIU Xin-ming,LI Meng,LI Ying-hua,NING Qiu-yun |
| (Guangxi Academy of Oceanography， Nanning 530022， China) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the bottom trawl surveys in Qinzhou Bay in 2015 and 2016， the structure of nekton communities in Qinzhou Bay was preliminarily analyzed. The results showed that there were totally 55 nekton species found by the surveys. The dominant species is defined when index of relative importance （IRI） is equal or larger than 200. Thus， they were Charybdis hellerii，Metapenaeus affinis， Metapenaeus joyneri，Parapenaeopsis hungerfordi and Oratosquilla oratoria in the surveys. The dominant species caught tended to be smaller and younger and the fish catches and standing crops tended to decline gradually in general compared with the historical data. ShannonWiener index （H′）， Margalef index （D） and Pielou index （J′） change little in 2015 and 2016 though they differed from station to station. Moreover, the biomass and density of nekton were higher in 2016 than in 2015. However， the nekton diversities were lower than those in Beibu Gulf and in the shallow sea areas on the shelf of northern South China Sea． |
| Key words: marine biology nekton resource density the dominant species diversity Qinzhou Bay |
